Jamaican Beauty Queens and Apartheid
In 1976, the government of Jamaica did not allow for a Miss World Jamaica pageant to be held. As such, on paper, technically there is no Miss Jamaica 1976 winner. However, wearing the sash of Miss Jamaica World, Cindy Breakspeare became the second Jamaican to win the global beauty pageant when she won in 1976. On this episode, we explain how these two things are true.
Additional Knowledge
BOOKS
491 Days: Prisoner Number 1323/69 by Winnie Madikizela-Mandela
Born a Crime by Trevor Noah
Hugh Shearer by Hartley Neita
I Write What I Like by Steve Biko
Michael Manley: The Biography by Godfrey Smith
No Fears Expressed: Quotes from Steve Biko by Millard W. Arnold
Long Walk to Freedom by Nelson Mandela
The Testimony of Steve Biko by Steve Biko
The Confounding Island: Jamaica and the Postcolonial Predicament by Orlando Patterson
ACADEMIC PAPERS
Glorifying the Jamaican Girl”: The “Ten Types – One People” Beauty Contest, Racialized Femininities, and Jamaican Nationalism by Rochelle Rowe
Racial Hierarchy and the Elevation of Brownness in Creole Nationalism by Maziki Thame
ARTICLES
DIG: Where Are They Now? Past Miss Jamaica Winners
Independent: ‘We’re not Ugly! We’re Not Beautiful! We’re Angry!’ The Feminists Who Flour Bombed the 1970 Miss World Pageant
Guardian: ‘I Heard The Signal – And Threw My Flour Bombs’: Why The 1970 Miss World Protest Is Still Making Waves
History Extra: Misbehaviour At Miss World: What Happened at the 1970 Beauty Pageant
Ron FanFair: Canadian-born Jamaican reflects on Miss World Title and Life with Bob Marley
Time: The First Black Miss World Looks Back on Her Tumultuous Win 50 Years Later
DOCUMENTARIES
Amandla! A Revolution in Four Part Harmony, (2002), directed by Lee Hirsch
Sifuna Okwethu, (2011), directed by Bernadette Atuahene
Twelve Disciples of Nelson Mandela, (2005), directed by Thomas Allen Harris
Universal Crowns - Miss World 1970: Beauty Queens and Bedlam
Witness to Apartheid, (1986), directed by Sharon I. Sopher
Voices of Sarafina!, (1998), directed by Nigel Noble
MOVIES
A Dry White Season (1989), directed by Euzhan Palcy
Sarafina!, (1992), directed by Darrell Roodt